{"id":2703,"date":"2014-02-27T12:32:18","date_gmt":"2014-02-27T11:32:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/?p=2703"},"modified":"2014-02-27T12:32:18","modified_gmt":"2014-02-27T11:32:18","slug":"tribunal-constitucional-alemao-aboliu-a-barreira-dos-3-para-partidos-pequenos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/?p=2703","title":{"rendered":"Tribunal Constitucional Alem\u00e3o aboliu a Barreira dos 3% para Partidos pequenos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\n  <o:AllowPNG\/>\n <\/o:OfficeDocumentSettings>\n<\/xml><![endif]--><\/p>\n<p><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>\n <w:WordDocument>\n  <w:View>Normal<\/w:View>\n  <w:Zoom>0<\/w:Zoom>\n  <w:TrackMoves\/>\n  <w:TrackFormatting\/>\n  <w:HyphenationZone>21<\/w:HyphenationZone>\n  <w:PunctuationKerning\/>\n  <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas\/>\n  <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false<\/w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>\n  <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false<\/w:IgnoreMixedContent>\n  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style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Ant\u00f3nio Justo<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Ontem (26.02.2014), o Supremo Tribunal Alem\u00e3o declarou inconstitucional a cl\u00e1usula restritiva dos tr\u00eas por cento que impedia a entrada no parlamento europeu, a partidos pequenos. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">A barreira dos 3% de votos peca contra a democracia e favorece os partidos maiores. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Partidos pequenos v\u00eaem-se confirmados nas suas exig\u00eancias de mais democracia no parlamento. <b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">A praxis da cl\u00e1usula restritiva \u201cviola os princ\u00edpios da igualdade eleitoral e a igualdade de oportunidades dos partidos\u201d, constatou o Tribunal. Cada partido deve ter as mesmas oportunidades. \u201eTodos os eleitores devem, com o voto que entregam, ter igual influ\u00eancia no resultado das elei\u00e7\u00f5es\u201d. O voto de cada votante tem de ter o mesmo valor de contagem e oportunidade de sucesso. De facto, o direito de voto supera os interesses das maiorias parlamentares que em vez de se orientarem por considera\u00e7\u00f5es do bem-comum se deixam orientar por interesses de manuten\u00e7\u00e3o do poder.<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Nas elei\u00e7\u00f5es para a Uni\u00e3o Europeia, cada estado membro regula as pr\u00f3prias elei\u00e7\u00f5es. O exerc\u00edcio democr\u00e1tico num pa\u00eds depende da consci\u00eancia democr\u00e1tica do povo e dos interesses dos grupos actuantes no pr\u00f3prio Estado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">O supremo tribunal j\u00e1 tinha condenada a cl\u00e1usula de 5%, de inconstitucional, em 2011, ao que o parlamento reagiu decretando a regra dos 3%. O Tribunal Constitucional, esteve atento, n\u00e3o foi no jogo e trocou as voltas aos parlamentares dos partidos do poder. <b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\">A Alemanha est\u00e1 de parab\u00e9ns, tem um Tribunal Constitucional que vela pelos interesses do bem-comum, o que n\u00e3o \u00e9 f\u00e1cil, atendendo \u00e0 complexidade das for\u00e7as dos grupos de interesse a agir no Estado.<\/b> Os partidos do poder t\u00eam de reconhecer que tinham colocado os interesses dos partidos maiorit\u00e1rios contra os pequenos e deste modo restringido a democracia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Uma boa not\u00edcia para o povo e para a democracia; um exemplo a seguir por outros pa\u00edses europeus. Assim o voto de parte do povo passa a n\u00e3o poder ser ignorado pelos partidos estabelecidos que formam governos. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">\u00c9 uma decis\u00e3o contra uma Europa nas m\u00e3os das elites.<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\"> Esta regra \u00e9 mais democr\u00e1tica e, na actual situa\u00e7\u00e3o da Europa, n\u00e3o instabiliza a governa\u00e7\u00e3o (como acontecia antes em It\u00e1lia). Em casos problem\u00e1ticos os governos tamb\u00e9m podem recorrer a plebiscitos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Como a Alemanha tem cem deputados no parlamento europeu basta a um partido ter 1% devotos para conseguir um lugar no parlamento.<\/span><\/b><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\"> Os Piratas ser\u00e3o os que mais beneficiar\u00e3o da nova legisla\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">De facto, na Alemanha 15% dos votantes n\u00e3o t\u00eam representantes no parlamento pelo facto de pertencerem a partidos abrangidos pela cl\u00e1usula restritiva. Esta situa\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 intoler\u00e1vel numa democracia. Espera-se que a decis\u00e3o agora encontrada em rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0s elei\u00e7\u00f5es para o Parlamento europeu se abranja \u00e0s elei\u00e7\u00f5es para o Parlamento alem\u00e3o. Seria de esperar, que, em povos democraticamente mais sens\u00edveis, se iniciasse uma discuss\u00e3o no sentido do povo e de maior democracia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">Ant\u00f3nio da Cunha Duarte Justo<\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"PT\" style=\"font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: PT;\">www.antonio-justo.eu<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Decis\u00e3o contra uma Europa s\u00f3 nas M\u00e3os das Elites Ant\u00f3nio Justo Ontem (26.02.2014), o Supremo Tribunal Alem\u00e3o declarou inconstitucional a cl\u00e1usula restritiva dos tr\u00eas por cento que impedia a entrada no parlamento europeu, a partidos pequenos. A barreira dos 3% de votos peca contra a democracia e favorece os partidos maiores. Partidos pequenos v\u00eaem-se confirmados &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/?p=2703\" class=\"more-link\">Continuar a ler <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Tribunal Constitucional Alem\u00e3o aboliu a Barreira dos 3% para Partidos pequenos<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"sfsi_plus_gutenberg_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_show_text_before_share":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_type":"","sfsi_plus_gutenberg_icon_alignemt":"","sfsi_plus_gutenburg_max_per_row":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[14,4,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2703","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-economia","category-educacao","category-politica"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2703"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2704,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2703\/revisions\/2704"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2703"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2703"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/antonio-justo.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2703"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}